ANIL MITRA
COPYRIGHT (c) 2001
Modes of Expression and
Communication
Action - stylized as/for
communication
Iconic Expression or Depiction
Innate Knowledge - Physical,
Ultimate
Relation Between Mind and World
How the world presents or appears
in knowledge
World Constitution - Relation to
Mind
World is "made" of
knowledge categories
Realism - world exists
independently of knowledge
Knowledge is a key to being - either as such or in potential. The answer to "What is?" and "What is possible?" is tied in to "What can I know?", "What is knowledge?", and "What is knowable?"
The idea of a set of Knowledge Words arises as a preliminary to answering these questions and to developing some system - and supplement to what I have written. Also see Being Words and Basic Words.
A set words is a preliminary to building up possibilities for thought in symbolic / language terms. What are additional possibilities? Concepts, word combinations - elements of metaphysics, ontology?
Sources: Evolution and Design for ideas, words, modes systematization.
Plans and sources are the same or shared for Knowledge, Being and Basic Words.
Awareness - in one sense does not necessarily involve consciousness
Attention - focus, background
Consciousness
Vision
Dream
Attune
Adapt
Idea
The following functions -cognition and so on- are practical and not meant to be definitive.
Sense - 5 senses + kinesthetic...
Perceive
Empirical
Intuition
Know
True, False
Believe
Correct, right
Think
Cognize
Concept
Meaning
Information
Data
Judgment
Emote
Feel
Does motivation fit into a perceive-judge / know-think )r( act cycle? Relation between emotion of motivation? Status of motivation?
Intent
Will
Desire
Intuition
Mystic
Yoga
Prayer
Fact
Theory
Hypothesis
Conjecture
Guess
Speculation
Hunch
Certain
Assertion
Probability
Possible
Actual
Real
Imaginary
Action as communication - action perceived is communicated and so communication
Action - non-intentional, intentional
Action - intentional: as action and as communication... action is [potential] communication
Stance, movement
Stance, movement
Affective expression of emotion - visual e.g. facial expression, auditory - vocal including tone, volume, cadence, vocalization i.e. a variety of sounds [phonemes], tactile, olfactory...
Acting out and recreating - various motor and sensory modalities
Sketching
Molding [sculpting]
Onomatopoeia
Elements of language: signs and symbols
Speech
Written
Any of the foregoing modes
Affect
Stance and gesture
Quality of voice - tone and overtone, volume, rate, continuity
Cadence
General human and animal communication
Direct communication is generally multi-modal with regard to expression. And it may be questioned whether behavior is para-verbal or speech para-behavioral... or either.
Art
Drama
Poetry - includes language used to evoke emotion
Song and music
Dance
Ritual
Logic
Mathematics
Philosophy - humanities - the disciplines
Science - sciences
Truth
Justification
Proposition
Concept
Theory
Explanation
Understanding
Myth - tradition, custom
Religion
Innate knowledge is more basic, prior to knowledge acquired by the individual organism. Knowledge acquired by the individual organism is ontogenetic - that is another word for knowledge acquired in the development of the organism and usually by specialized organs of cognition and perception; this kind of knowledge is what is commonly understood as knowledge and is simply referred to as knowledge or acquired knowledge. It is, however not the only kind of acquired knowledge. Innate knowledge is phylogenetic - acquired in evolution and innate to the individual organism. Is all knowledge acquired by some system?
The distinction between innate and acquired knowledge is not absolute in all ways or even in any particular way. To a degree, innate knowledge is bound into the organism. Innate knowledge may be accessible to the acquired modalities or their organs, and may be expressed. Innate and acquired knowledge may and do join together. Acquired knowledge functions on a base of innate knowledge. Acquired knowledge is free and alterable in the living of the organism. It is possessed or remembered and is expressible. Innate systems include the organs of acquisition, memory, alteration and expression.
As a generalization, innate knowledge is focused in the body, unconscious, not expressed, a-linguistic or pre-linguistic. As a tendency, acquired knowledge is focused in the nervous system, conscious, expressible, iconic - language being regarded as a elaboration of iconic expression and memory. In perception and cognition what is called the background is a mesh of acquired and innate forms.
To a significant degree motor, perceptual, iconic, memory, symbolic and linguistic, and expressive / communicative abilities are innate - they may however be developed; the related skills and repertoires are significantly acquired - but may be innate to some degree.
Innate knowledge - what modes of expression?
What modes?
Neural
Endocrine
Immune
...
Unconscious
Dreams, freeing up due to un-censoring
Relation to group, race, species, life... elements of creation
Group function
Genotype - genotype as expression... of what?
Particle / field interaction
"Laws" of nature
Chemistry as expression
Broken / symmetry
Visible, tangible vs.
Inferred
Spiritual
Abstract
Concrete
General, conceptual
Instance
Universal
Particular
Presentationalism
Representationalism
Phenomenalism
Idealism
Materialism
This does not say much for materialism, idealism, phenomenalism can all be seen as forms of realism
There is a world that is not constituted of ideas, mind but includes mind. The world is not dependent on mind for its creation or existence.
Materialism
Behaviorism, functionalism etc.
Platonic realism - Platonic idealism
Universals are real - vs. nominalism: universals are names
Concepts are real
Rebus - concepts do not require instances
Ante-rem - instances required
Absolute idealism - the world is one absolute idea
Pluralistic idealisms
All ideas are real
The world is constituted of ideas
Footnotes
Correspondence - Wittgenstein's picture theory is a theory of relationships.
Verificationist: truth is verifiability.
Pragmatism - truth is utility i.e. truth is the basis for good actions.
"The proposition that p is true if and only if p." (A)
The traditional theories accept this and some further property.
The deflationary theory has an infinite axioms of the form (A).
Allows us to express attitudes to propositions that can be designated but not explicitly formulated.
Implies that verification is truth, true beliefs have practical value.
Problems
Requires an infinite number of axioms.
Leads to liar type paradoxes.